Unit 3: legal and ethical considerations and Risk assessments
Obscene Publications Act:
The publication of any material that will negatively impact the reader base that you are attempting to reach. (promotion of alcoholism or drugs for example.) For my magazine it is important that i do not put to much emphasis on the "rock and roll lifestyle" (That being an over-indulgence of alcohol and drugs.) As that this could effect my young target audience as that they may feel a need to mimic people they look up to and therefore have this lifestyle themselves. I should make sure to put emphasis on the music itself and not on the stigma surrounding it while writing Forge.
As a part of this it can be seen below that when writing the questions for the interview i will be conducting with "Glass Hearts" that i have been careful not to include anything that could be considered offensives
I will also ensure use little to no foul language (swearing etc.) unless it is in the interview as that i want that to be a fair representation of the persona of the band. I do not feel the need to completely censor profanity as that i am targeting a 16+ target audience but i will use partial censorship (s**t, f**k) if a piece of obscene language is used.
I will also ensure that i will use an equal representation of models (that meaning a equal distribution of ethnic and gender groups.
Libel Law:
Libel law refers to publication of untrue (or unproven) information hat could be Harmful to a persons character.
To avoid any breach of this law i would always use the term "Allegedly" when a piece of language that could be considered libel
I will also ensure to show all of the members of the band i am interviewing my article about them before I publish it and sign a release and consent form which will give the rights of use of all created media to the producers of the magazine.
Copyright:
Copyright law gives the rights of use of a product (that being Literary, dramatic, artistic, Musical, Typographical arrangement of published editions, sound recordings, and film.)
If work is copyright protected then you are by law not allowed to:
Copy the work.
Rent, lend or issue copies of the work to the public.
Perform, broadcast or show the work in public.
Adapt the work.
This affects my work in that I will be featuring places which have established brands and therefore I must gain the copyright holder's consent (on a written form) before i can feature them in my work.
Laws of contempt:
Laws of contempt protect those facing legal action as that an audience can be easily swayed against one side of a legal dispute by the way in which they are informed about it.
In order to avoid violating this i would ensure to avoid reporting on ongoing legal disputes and if i must i would present it from a very impartial point of view as not to agitate anyone involved in the case.
In terms of my magazine court cases could include those of local venues being sued due to noise complaints and other disputes of this nature.
Ethical issues:
Forge magazine is a publication that attempts to encapsulate a whole city and therefore must be extremely diverse in terms of representation (Ethnicity and Gender) within photo shoots. This will stop anybody being offended or feeling as if they are unwelcome within the magazines community as that i would not like the magazine to be accused or prejudice.
Unit 7: legal and ethical considerations and Risk assessments:
For this unit I did extensive research on news values as well as following the regulations which I had set myself for unit 3.
Everything that is of importance to the public should be reported with all sides of a political discourse having their ideals and opinions fairly represented therefore no body should ever be stopped from sharing their views on a story or be forced out of a debate as that it is up to the public to make up their own minds about issues and formulate a response. If everyone is allowed to speak then unpopular opinions will not be as widely held as that they could be properly condemned.
Some topics are seen as more important than others do to the amount of potentially revenue that they can bring into a publication instead of the amount of people it may affect.
How often something is in the news.
A good example of a large amount of frequency would be that of Donald Trump's presidency. For months as of march 2017 Trump has occupied the news every day for months and importantly not always regarding his presidency or politics.
Below is an example of a news article not regarding Trumps politics but building of of the audiences pre-established interest of him:
The amount of superlatives or clear hyperbole of statement
Hyperbole refers to an exudation made to capture attention
This generally appears on the front pages of newspapers that use sensationalist methods to attract audiences.
The exact facts that make up the story (A MAN AGED 26 HAS SHOT 3 DEFENCELESS ELDERS!)
Complete unambiguity can be seen in this article:
Drones are seen as an increasingly popular method for smuggling drugs and mobile phones into prisons, but having prison staff bring in contraband is also an effective route for prisoners.
A conversation with a prison inmate about football led James Almond to break the law himself.
The then prison worker was chatting about his favourite team Manchester United, when the prisoner he was speaking to suddenly asked him to bring in mobile phones, which are banned behind bars.
"He kept asking daily, and become aggressive with things he'd say," Almond says.
This was in 2014 when he was employed at Stocken Prison in Rutland.
The 33-year-old eventually agreed to bring phones in, and did so for a number of weeks before being caught, ending up in jail himself.
As can be seen here all of the facts are laid out explicitly straight away in the first few lines of the story.
- Meaningfully and newsworthiness
This article certainly appeals to a ABC1 Audience who is politically aware.
I found it interesting due to the volatile nature of relations between Left wing Germany and Right wing America in the past few months.
Agreement of ideology
This means that people are most likely to consume news from sources that they agree with.
For example when consuming news about the proposed second Scottish Independence referendum (which i disagree with) i would be likely to read an article that has the same outlook as me on the topic rather than one which would force me to question my own beliefs and challenge myself as that the first offers comfortable reassurance.
unexpectedness refers to headlines and stories that are so out of the ordinary that they warrant the time that they take to read about them. For example the election or this story from the telegraph website:
This refers to:
Politicians
The royal families
Musicians
Actors
Reality TV stars
Local celebrates
sporting personalities
local government officials
If one values personalisation then that means that a journalist tries the link the article to the audience through the use of techniques such as
Emotive language
Rhetorical questions.
People find negative news much more valuable than the positive.
Unit 15: Legal and ethical issues:
Legal considerations:
There are several legal issues
that must be avoided when making a trailer for a film. The six that are of
most relevance are below.
- Copyright,
designs and patents act 1988:
This law protects the creations of
people within the market place. It means that we are not allowed to take
music which we have no claim to, or permission to use and other
people are not allowed to steal scenes from our film and put them in their own
products.
For our product, we will need to gain
copyright permission from the owners of the music which we plan to feature in
our short film.
This law means that we have to be
very careful to protect the contact information of the people who we have
contacted for this film. It also means that we have to have our actors
sign release and consent agreements so that they can appear in our film.
This will include the actors in our film such as Joe Facer.
Ethical considerations:
Discrimination refers to the
hiring policy of our film. We must ensure that the policy of the film does not
exclude anyone because of their ethnicity, gender or sexual orientation
as well as this we must do everything in our power to make sure that our
product is diverse.
Our film risks being accused
of misrepresentation due to the protagonists being portrayed as
middle class while the antagonists are to be working class (and are shown in
the script to be struggling financially) To this end we will ensure
that our characters are portrayed in a grounded and realistic manner which
could not be considered offensive.
BBFC AND OFcom:
The BBFC (British Board of Film
Classification) is responsible for the classification and censorship of films
released in the United Kingdom. The promo for The White Room would receive a
"12" rating from the BBFC as it would feature a moderate amount of
threat and violence with little to no explicit language. We will adhere to the
BBFC guidelines by not using an excessive amount of explicit language or any
graphic violence.
OFCOM is the UK regulatory
authority for the broadcasting,
telecommunications and postal industries of the United Kingdom. OFCOM are
relevant to the trailer for The White Room as it is being distributed online.
This means that it must abide by OFCOM's regulations if it is to be advertised
online on websites such as YouTube. There are rules set by OFCOM (section 3 of
the broadcasting code) that state they must prohibit material that is likely to
incite crime or disorder. Although our film does show part of a kidnapping
taking place; it is not overly graphic and I believe it does not incite
violence.
5.) Based on your promo – how could
people/ places be MISREPRESENTED? Give examples and state how you avoid/
prevent this.
The cafe that we use in the trailer could be misrepresented as there is a
kidnapping the takes place outside of it. Obviously, there aren't kidnappings
at the cafe (that I am aware of) so this could be a misrepresentation as the
cafe as well as the surrounding area. Young men could also be
misrepresented as they are shown to be kidnappers, however, we also use other
young men in the story who are portrayed as kind and one of them is the person
who gets kidnapped. This can help to counter the argument that we are creating
a stereotype for young men.
6.) Based on your promo – where would you need to seek copyright
permission – give examples. Be clear about how you would seek
permission.
If we have a scene that features a recognisable brand we would need to ensure
that we seek permission from the owner for use of the product. We will also
need to get rights to the music that we use (if any) or any sounds as we are
intending to use ticking noises in our trailer to create suspense. However, we
are planning to use copyright free noises and if we do use any other noises we
will try to ensure that they are copyright free. To gain permission for our
noises we can find the website/owner and email them for permission to use the
content.
7) Based on your promo – which assets would
need royalties for the
intellectual property – Give examples. Be clear about how you would go about
this.
We intend on having a ticking clock
noise going over the video to build suspense, to avoid requiring to
purchasing the royalties we will use royalty free audio track
courtesy of creative commons, but may be required to give credit
to the artist, this would depend on the terms and conditions of the provider,
this must be checked before using the sound track.
8) Value orientated frameworks – based on the purpose of your promo ( inform/
educate/ entertain/ promote/ advertise) – give 3 ways that you plan for
your product to meet that purpose. How will this attract/ appeal to your
audience?
- The trailer will entertain
the audience by build suspense up into the climax of the trailer where is gives a great indication towards the style
and narrative of the product.
- The video will promote the
film by using title graphics to show the release dates and title
of the product to build a brand identity and inform the audience on when
they can access the product.
- this will
advertise the media product "The White Room" a short film
about a kidnapped victim through giving an indication of style to the
audience to target the demographic.
